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Common names of chemicals are determined by cultural and historical factors, whereas trade names generally refer to the substance’s chemical name.The latter is typically based on the scientific standard nomenclature, the almost universally accepted standard of which is the IUPAC nomenclature, or the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry nomenclature.Trade names of chemicals may also refer to brand names,...
Absolute ethanol, also known as anhydrous ethanol, is used mainly as a reagent in synthetic organic chemistry and chromatography. It has a purity level of almost 100% alcohol. As ethanol is highly miscible with water, it can dissolve many types of organic compounds. This includes both polar and non-polar compounds such as hexane. Thanks to its versatility, absolute ethanol has a...
Ultrapure water, or UPW, is a high-grade water that’s free from impurities like microbes, minerals, and dissolved gases. It only contains H2O molecules and has a purity level of, or very near, 100%.Water must undergo a stringent process for it to become ultrapure and free of any dissolved or suspended organic and inorganic compounds. Ultrapure or highly purified water (HPW)...
Many of the consumer products we use on a daily basis contain chemical ingredients that might sound strange and unfamiliar. Yet some of these chemicals, including those found in cleaning, hygiene, and personal care products, are actually very common. In most cases, we’re more familiar with the commercial brand rather than the chemical or generic name. These are the five key...
Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is an odourless, white or yellow inorganic compound that’s usually in flaky or lumpy solid form at room temperature. It’s often used to make liquid soap, although KOH has many other household and industrial applications too. For example, it’s a common component in liquid drain cleaners and paint and varnish removers. Potassium hydroxide is also used as an...
While many chemicals in the workplace may seem innocuous, some of them can pose a significant hazard. Knowing which ones are hazardous and how to handle hazardous chemicals properly can help to prevent injuries and any chronic detrimental effects. Here we look at the top 10 most hazardous chemicals in the workplace, including:Arsenic Lead Benzene Chromium Toluene Cadmium Zinc Mercury ...
Monopropylene glycol – also known simply as propylene – is a viscous, colourless liquid with a distinct sweet taste (but please don’t drink it). Almost odourless, it’s both miscible with water and hygroscopic, i.e. it attracts and absorbs moisture. The chemical formula of monopropylene glycol is C3H8O2, which can also be written as: CH3CH(OH)CH2OH This formula tells us that it has two alcohol...
Potassium hydroxide (KOH) - which you might also hear called caustic potash or lye - is an inorganic compound. Just like other strong bases, it’s highly caustic and completely dissociates into ions when dissolved in water.The other seven strong bases include:LiOH (lithium hydroxide) NaOH (sodium hydroxide) Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide) CsOH (caesium hydroxide) Sr(OH)2 (strontium hydroxide) RbOH (rubidium hydroxide) Ba(OH)2...
Just like many inorganic substances, potassium hydroxide doesn’t contain degradable functional groups. This means that it does not have a detrimental impact on the biological oxygen demand in water.It does, however, dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, which can elevate the pH level of systems that do not have sufficient buffers. If a large quantity of an alkaline substance...
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