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It is the assumption that because distilled water has been purified, it has a neutral pH of 7. But this is not always the case because distilled water is very rarely 100% pure, and even more rarely has a pH of exactly 7. The basics of pH Loosely standing for the power of hydrogen, the pH scale is a measure of the...
A chemistry internship is an excellent opportunity to learn how your theoretical knowledge of chemistry can be applied in an industrial, on-the-job setting. It allows you to gain important skills in your preferred industry, while preparing you for the challenges you may encounter at work. This kind of invaluable experience is difficult to simulate in a classroom or school laboratory.Whether...
If you enjoy eating grain products such as cereals, you’re probably benefiting from phosphoric acid (at least indirectly) without even realising it. That’s because the compound is primarily used to manufacture phosphate fertilisers, which are integral to the agricultural industry as they help crops grow.But that’s not its only use; phosphoric acid also has applications in the wider food industry....
When nitric acid reacts with ammonia, it produces a white crystalline salt called ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3). As a solid, ammonium nitrate is hygroscopic, which means it attracts moisture. Although the substance dissolves easily in water, it does not form hydrates.Continue reading to learn more about the surprising reaction between nitric acid and ammonia, as well as the potential hazards. What is...
Chromatography is an important analytical technique that’s used to separate components of a mixture.Originally developed by Mikhail Tsvetin in 1900 to separate plant pigments, the method is actually a combination of two Greek words - chroma (colour) and graphein (to write). Hence, chromatography literally means ‘colour writing’.Continue reading for a GCSE chemistry recap of chromatography, the different types and what...
Isopropanol and isopropyl alcohol are two different names for what is the same chemical compound.In fact, the various chemistry naming standards and conventions means this widely used substance actually has several names. Continue reading to learn more about isopropanol and why a single compound can often have multiple names. Isopropanol vs isopropyl alcohol: Is there a difference? Isopropanol is a colourless and...
Whether you’re studying for a chemistry degree or you’ve recently graduated, a chemistry internship is a great way to gain practical experience and learn new skills in your preferred industry.Some students choose to undertake a chemistry internship during their summer holidays, while others wait until after they’ve graduated. Either way, the valuable on-the-job training you’ll receive will give you a...
Fractional distillation is the separation of various components from a liquid. Each component typically has a different boiling point and vapour pressure than the rest, so fractional distillation can be achieved by applying a temperature gradient.The various components are condensed at different stages or levels of the setup, which can either be a small setup consisting of laboratory glassware and...
The pH of brick acid varies depending on factors, such as temperature and concentration. Commercially available brick acid typically has a pH range of between 0 and 2. However, highly concentrated brick acid of more than 36% by mass can have a negative pH (below 0).As the name suggests, brick acid is normally used to remove stains and mineral deposits...
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